Mongolia's national human rights institution, established under the 2000 Law on the National Human Rights Commission of Mongolia and in operation from 1 February 2001; that law was revised in January 2020 (National Human Rights Commission of Mongolia, via Wikipedia summary of the Commission's law and history). Its mandate includes delivering proposals and recommendations on human rights and freedoms, reviewing draft laws and administrative decisions for conformity with the Constitution, international treaties and human rights principles, promoting human rights education, and preparing the annual Status Report on Human Rights and Freedoms in Mongolia for submission to Parliament within the first quarter of each year.

The Commission's main activities are investigations, research and handling complaints about violations of human rights by a public authority or a business, with complaints to be resolved within 30 days, or 60 days where the Chief Commissioner grants an extension for further investigation (National Human Rights Commission of Mongolia, mandate and complaints procedure). Under later laws it also houses a human rights defenders mechanism established by the Law on the Legal Status of Human Rights Defenders adopted on 2 April 2021, oversight of personal data protection under the Law on Personal Data Protection adopted on 17 December 2021 and in force from 1 May 2022, and a Commissioner for the Prevention of Torture who began exercising that duty on 3 June 2022.